Sankhya Yoga
सांख्ययोग
The Yoga of Transcendent Analytical Knowledge
The philosophical core of the Gita. Krishna reveals the immortality and indestructibility of the Atman (eternal soul), the delusion of death, and initiates Arjuna into Nishkama Karma (selfless action without attachment).
Essential Verses in Chapter 2
6 featured deep-divesकर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन। मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि॥
You have a right to perform your prescribed duties, but you are not entitled to the fruits of your actions. Never consider yourself the cause of the results of your activities, nor be attached to inaction.
मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः। आगमापायिनोऽनित्यास्तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत॥
O son of Kunti, the contact between the senses and their objects gives rise to fleeting feelings of heat and cold, pleasure and pain. They appear and disappear and are impermanent. Therefore, endure them with patience, O Bharata.
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन् नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः। अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे॥
The soul is neither born, nor does it ever die; nor having once existed, does it ever cease to be. The soul is unborn, eternal, immortal, and timeless. It is not destroyed when the body is destroyed.
वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय नवानि गृह्णाति नरोऽपराणि। तथा शरीराणि विहाय जीर्णा न्यन्यानि संयाति नवानि देही॥
As a person sheds worn-out garments and puts on new ones, similarly, the embodied soul casts off worn-out bodies and enters into new ones.
ध्यायतो विषयान्पुंसः सङ्गस्तेषूपजायते। सङ्गात्सञ्जायते कामः कामात्क्रोधोऽभिजायते॥
While contemplating the objects of the senses, a person develops attachment to them. From attachment arises longing and desire, and from unfulfilled desire arises wrath and anger.
क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोहः सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः। स्मृतिभ्रंशाद् बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति॥
From anger arises delusion, from delusion comes confusion of memory, from loss of memory the discriminating intellect is destroyed, and with the destruction of intellect, a person is ruined.